A child is prescribed albuterol for asthma. What type of medication is this?

Albuterol is classified as a rescue medication, which is used for the immediate relief of asthma symptoms. It functions as a bronchodilator, quickly relaxing the muscles in the airways to allow for easier breathing during an asthma attack or when symptoms worsen. This rapid action is essential for emergency situations, enabling patients to obtain prompt symptom relief.

In contrast, preventive medications are typically taken regularly to control asthma by reducing inflammation and preventing asthma attacks, while long-acting medications would refer to those that are used to maintain control over a longer period of time. Alternative medications may refer to non-standard treatments that aren't first-line options, which does not apply here. Therefore, albuterol’s role as a quick-relief option specifically aligns with the definition of a rescue medication.